Trade indicators
Note: This index measures the relative importance of international trade in goods relative to the domestic economic output of an economy. Exports are given equal weight to imports.
How important is trade for economies?
In 2020, the economies most open to international trade, as measured by the ratio of the mean of exports and imports of goods to gross domestic product (GDPgross domestic product), were relatively small economies in South-Eastern Asia and Eastern Europe, including China, Hong Kong SARSpecial Administrative Region (151 per cent), Singapore (104 per cent), and Slovakia (76 per cent). By contrast, China, the United States of America and Japan recorded ratios of 15 per cent or below. The lowest value, 3 per cent, was reported for Zimbabwe. Cuba and Iran ranked as the second and third least open economies, respectively.
How did the relative price of exports to imports develop?
Note: This index indicates by how much the relative price between exports and imports has changed in relation to the base year.
How concentrated is global product supply?
Note: This index measures the extent to which a high proportion of exports are delivered by a small number of economies. It has a value of 1 if all exports originate from a single economy.
How did the volume of trade change?
Note: This index indicates the change in exports or imports, adjusted for the movement of prices, relative to the base year.
Concepts and definitions
This section presents different indices that can be used to analyze trade flows and trade patterns over time from the perspective of, for example, relative competitiveness, structure of global exports and imports markets, or the importance of trade for the economy, both for individual economies and for groups of economies.
For information on how the indices in this section are calculated, see on the Calculation methods page. The presented indices are a subset of the trade indices available at UNCTADstat -—
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Summary tables
References
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